Bibliografie

Overzicht (klik op je gewenste onderwerp)

Rekenkunde

Tessarae & tellen met je vingers

  • Herbert Bruderer, translated from the German by John McMinn, 2015, 2018, 2020, Milestones in Analog and Digital Computing, Third Edition, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

  • Frechner Macon, 1884, Le comput digital, Extrait de l'Annuaire de la Société de Numismatique, Imprimerie Typ. et Lith. Protat Frères, weblink.

  • J. Hilton Turner, 1951, Roman Elementary Mathematics: The Operations, The Classical Journal, Vol. 47, No. 2 (Nov. 1951), 63‑74 and 106‑108, weblink.

  • Tesserae described in Catalogue des Médailles et Antiques de la Bibliothèque nationale de France: weblink.

Plimpton 322 kleitablet

  • Daniel F.Mansfield, N.J.Wildberger, November 2017, Historia Mathematica, Volume 44, Issue 4, Pages 395-419, Plimpton 322 is Babylonian exact sexagesimal trigonometry, School of Mathematics and Statistics, UNSW, Sydney, Australia.

  • Eleanor Robson, 2002, Words and Pictures: New Light on Plimpton 322.

  • The mathematics of ancient Babylon, BBC, #bbcreel #bbc #bbcnews, Evidence ancient Babylonians were far more advanced than we thought - BBC REEL, weblink.

  • N. J. Wildberger, 2020, A brief course on the history of mathematics, MathHistory34: Plimpton 322 and Babylonian trigonometry, copyright.

Romeinse abacus

  • Brigitte Cech, 2011, Hightech Romeinen, Techniek in de oudheid, Museum Het Valkhof, Nijmegen.

  • Herbert Bruderer, translated from the German by John McMinn, 2015, 2018, 2020, Milestones in Analog and Digital Computing, Third Edition, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Republikeinse munten

  • David R. Sear, 2000, Roman coins and their values I, The Millennium Edition, Volume One, The Republic and The Twelve Caesars, ISBN 1-902040-35-X, 280 BC - AD 96, Spink, London.

  • Zander H. Klawans, 1959, Reading and dating, Roman Imperial Coins, second edition, Whitman Publishing Company, Racine, Wisconsin.

Meetkunde / geometrie

Platonische and Archimedische figuren

  • Kata Stoikheion, Khrêsmoi, Ek Olumpou, 1995, (A Greek Alphabet Oracle, In Litteras Digesta, Oracula, Ex Olympo, Apollonius Sophistes), weblink.

  • Quadrivium, Rekenkunde, Meetkunde, Muziek en Astronomie voor iedereen, Librero, 2017, ISBN: 978-90-8998-303-9.

  • R. Nouwen, 1993, De Romeinse Pentagon-dodecaëder: mythe en enigma, Romeins museum Tongeren, nr. 45, Culturele aangelegenheden, Hasselt.
  • Timaeus, by Plato, translated by Benjamin Jowett, written 360 BC, weblink.

  • A Roman rock crystal icosahedron, 20 sided dice in the louvre, weblink.

  • The Code 2, Shapes, BBC. 

Kristallen

  • Crystal habit, weblink.

  • Pliny the Elder, translated to Dutch by Joost van Gelder, Mark Nieuwenhuis, 2018, De wereld, Naturalis historia, uitgeverij: Athenaeum - Polak & Van Gennep, ISBN : 9789025309602.

Kegel van Apollonius

  • Hypatia of Alexandria, Michael A. B. Deakin, 2007, Hypatia of Alexandria, Mathematician and Martyr, Prometheus Books, 59 John Glenn Drive Amherst, New York 14228-2119, by Prometheus Books, ISBN 978-1-59102-520-7.

  • Sir Thomas Heath, Oxford, 1960, A history of Greek Mathematics, Volume II, from Aristarchus to Diophantus, at the Clarendon Press, Londen.

Vicarello bekers

  • Manfred G. Schmidt, 2011, A Gadibus Romam Myth and Reality of an Ancient Route, Institute of Classical Studies University of London.
  • Metrodorus, Greek Anthology, xiv. 1–4, 6–7, 11–13, 48–51, 116–147, weblink.
  • English translation by W. R. Paton, The Greek Anthology, In five volumes, V, London: William Heinemann, New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, MCMXVIII, presented to The Library of the University of Toronto, by Bertram W. Davis from tbe books of the late Lionel Davis, k.C.

Astronomie

Oxford zonnewijzer

  • Richard J. A. Talbert, 2017, Roman Portable Sundials - The Empire in your Hand, Oxforf University Press.

Memphis zonnewijzer

  • Richard J. A. Talbert, 2017, Roman Portable Sundials - The Empire in your Hand, Oxforf University Press.

  • Sergei J. Maslikov, 2021, The Greek portable sundial from Memphis rediscovered, Journal for the History of Astronomy, Vol. 52(3) 311–324, sagepub.com/journals-permissions, DOI: 10.1177/00218286211033068, journals.sagepub.com/home/jha, Novosibirsk Astronomical Society, Russia.

Philippi zonnewijzer

  • Richard J. A. Talbert, 2017, Roman Portable Sundials - The Empire in your Hand, Oxforf University Press.

Cilindrische zonnewijzer

  • [59] Arnaldi, M. & Schaldach, K., A Roman Cylinder Dial: Witness to a Forgotten Tradition, Journal: Journal for the History of Astronomy, p.107, Bibliographic Code: 1997JHA....28..107A, weblink.

  • Richard J. A. Talbert, 2017, Roman Portable Sundials - The Empire in your Hand, Oxforf University Press.

Antikythera mechanisme

  • Alexander Jones, 2017, A Portable Cosmos, Revealing the Antikythera Mechanism, Scientific Wonder of the Ancient World, Oxford University Press.

  • Jian-Liang Lin, Hong-Sen Yan, 2016, Decoding the Mechanisms of Antikythera Astronomical Device, Springer.

  • Jo Marchant, 2009, Decoding the Heavens Solving the Mystery of the World's First Computer, Windmill books, ISBN 9780099519768.

  • Michael Wright, recorded: May 13, 2015, Secrets of the Antikythera Mechanism: Session 1 & Session 2, Computer History Museum, weblink session 1, weblink session 2.

  • Matt Parker, Solar Eclipse Maths and the Cosmic Coincidence of the Saros Cycle, video by standupmaths on youtube.

  • Ptolemy’s Geography, J. Lennart Berggren and Alexander Jones, 2000, Ptolemy’s Geography, An annotated translation of the theoretical chapters, Princeton & Oxford, Copyright © 2000 by Princeton University Press, Published by Princeton University Press, 41 William Street, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, In the United Kingdom: Princeton University Press, 3 Market Place, Woodstock, Oxfordshire OX20 1SY, ISBN 978-0-691-09259-1, eISBN 978-0-691-21411-5, www.pup.princeton.edu.

  • Ptolemy, Translated and Annotated by G. J. Toomer, 1984, Ptolemy’s Almagest, Duckworth, first published in 1984 by Gerald Duckworth & Co. Ltd., The Old Piano Factory, 43 Gloucester Cresceni, London NW l, by G. J. Toomer, ISBN 0 7156 1388 2 (cased), ISBN 0-7156-1588-2, © 1984.

  • Ptolemy, Geography, weblink.

Astrolabe

  • See dedicated section about the astrolabe (research).

Analemma

  • Vitruvius, vertaald door Ton Peters, Athenaeum – Polak & Van Gennep, 2008, handbook bouwkunde, Amsterdam.

Dodecaëder en icosaëder

  • R. Nouwen, 1993, De Romeinse Pentagon-dodecaëder: mythe en enigma, Romeins museum Tongeren, nr. 45, Culturele aangelegenheden, Hasselt.

  • Wagemans,G.M.C.,1997, De hypothese, weblink.

Harmonia

Monochord

  • David Kung, Professor of Mathematics at St. Mary's College of Maryland, How Music and Mathematics Relate, The Great Courses, Lecture 1: Overtones: Symphony in a Single Note.

  • Kostas Kotsanas, 2009, The musical instruments of ancient Greeks, Pyrgos.

  • Quadrivium, Rekenkunde, Meetkunde, Muziek en Astronomie voor iedereen, Librero, 2017, ISBN: 978-90-8998-303-9.

Aulos

  • Fábio Vergara Cerqueira, submitted on 13 Sep 2017, To march in phalanx, to jump with weights, to knead the bread, to tread the grapes. What is the aulos for?, HAL, Open Science, HAL Id: hal-01587267, weblink.

  • Kostas Kotsanas, 2009, The musical instruments of ancient Greeks, Pyrgos.

  • Stefan Hagel, 2009, Ancient Greek Music, A New Technical History, Cambridge University Press.

  • Stefan Hagel, January 2014, Better understanding the Louvre Aulos, Austrian Academy of Sciences (OeAW).

Beveiliging

Romeins hangslot

  • Eric Grundhauser, January 12 2018, The Fashion and Mystery of Ancient Roman Puzzle Locks, by Atlas Obscura, weblink.

  • Jerry Slocum, Dic Sonneveld, 2017, From Romano-Celtic Mask Puzzle Padlocks: A study in their Design, Technology and Security, Vanessa Muros, Jack Botermans.

  • Markus Neidhardt, Replik-Shop Replicas and Ancient Jewellery Design, weblink.

Romeins herprogrammeerbaar combinatieslot

  • See dedicated section about combination lock (research).

Geheimschrift / codetaal

  • Aeneas Tacticus 31 (extracts): Sending secret messages, encrypted messages. Various methods of sending secret messages either by hiding a letter or by concealing the actual message in another text. Aeneas also suggests two methods of converting a text into a secret code, weblink.

  • Al-Kindī’s pioneering cryptological work is described in Ibrahim A. Al-Kadit, ‘Origins of Cryptology: The Arab Contributions,’ Cryptologia 16, no. 2 (April 1992): 97–126.

  • Ammianus Marcellinus, 2016, Delphi Ancient Classics, 60, The Complete Works of Ammianus Marcellinus (Delphi Classics).

  • Archimedes, Loculus Archimedis, weblink.

  • Arrian's Array against the Alans, English translation, weblink.

  • Brigitte Collard, 2004, Le code, C. III. Les noms de code, La cryptographie dans l'Antiquité gréco-romaine, III, bribricollard@hotmail.com, Licenciée en langues et littératures classiques Diplôme complémentaire en relations internationales et politique comparée Professeur au Collège Saint-Michel (Bruxelles), FEC - Folia Electronica Classica (Louvain-la-Neuve) - Numéro 7 - janvier-juin 2004, weblink.

  • Cassius Dio, Roman History , Epitome of Book LXVIII, weblink.

  • Flavius Josephus, Jewish War Joseph. BJ 5.266 (Greek), Greek Texts & Translations, weblink.

  • Gaius Julius Caesar, vertaald en toegelicht door Vincent Hunink, 2018, Oorlog in Gallië (Commentarii de bello Gallico) & Aulus Hirtius, Aanvulling op Caesars Oorlog in Gallië, Athenaeum - Polak & Van Gennep, Amsterdam.

  • John Milius, William J. MacDonald, and Bruno Heller, Rome Season 2, Episode 04, Testudo et Lepus (The Tortoise and the Hare).

  • Dr. Julie E. Bounford, 2019, Doolhoven & labyrinten 4000 jaar fascinerende gangenstelstels, Librero.

  • Kostas Kotsanas, 2017, Ancient Greek Technology, The inventions of the ancient Greeks, ISBN: 978-960-92786-9-0.

  • Metrodorus, Greek Anthology, xiv. 1–4, 6–7, 11–13, 48–51, 116–147, weblink.

  • Moses Hadas en de redactie van Time/Life uitgaven, 1965, 1966, Bloeiperioden der mensheid, Het oude Rome, N.V. Het Parool, Amsterdam, Nederlandse vertaling: S. Montulet, 167, 168.

  • Ovid, Literally Translated into English Prose, with Copious Notes, by Henry T. Riley, 1885, 'Ars Amatoria' or 'The Art of Love' (English version), weblink.

  • Ovidius Naso, Ars Amatoria, Book III, P. OVIDI NASONIS LIBER TERTIVS ARTIS AMATORIAE (Latin version), weblink.

  • English translation by W. R. Paton, The Greek Anthology, In five volumes, V, London: William Heinemann, New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, MCMXVIII, presented to The Library of the University of Toronto, by Bertram W. Davis from tbe books of the late Lionel Davis, k.C.

  • Plutarch. with an English Translation by. Bernadotte Perrin, 1916, Plutarch's Lives, Cambridge, MA. Harvard University Press. London. William Heinemann Ltd. 1916. 4. The Annenberg CPB/Project provided support for entering this text, weblink.

  • Quadrivium, Rekenkunde, Meetkunde, Muziek en Astronomie voor iedereen, Librero, 2017, ISBN: 978-90-8998-303-9.

  • Simon Singh, 2000, The Code Book, the secret history of codes and code-breaking, paper edition, Fourth Estate, a division of HarperCollinsPublishers, London, W6 8JB.

  • Suetonius, The Lives of the Caesars, The Life of Augustus, weblink.

  • Suetonius, The Lives of the Caesars, The Life of Julius Caesar, weblink.

  • Trajan's column, Reading an Ancient Comic Strip, weblink.

  • Willy Groenman-Van Waateringe, 1967, Romeins lederwerk uit Valkenburg Z.H., Groningen-Amsterdam, J.B. Wolters-Universiteit Amsterdam.

Romeins militair diploma

  • Best-preserved Roman military diploma in 3D, February 11, 2024, weblink.

Doden op afstand

Slingerstenen & slinger

  • Cliff Savage, 1999, The sling, for sport & survival.

  • Diodorus Siculus, The Library of History of Diodorus Siculus published in Vol. III of the Loeb Classical Library edition, 1939.

  • https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Diodorus_Siculus/5A*.html.

  • Diodorus Siculus, The Library of History of Diodorus Siculus published in Vol. VIII of the Loeb Classical Library edition, 1963, weblink.

  • Flavius Vegetius Renatus, Translated from the Latin by Lieutenant John Clarke, Text written in 390 AD British translation published in 1767, Etext version by Mads Brevik (2001), The Military Institutions of the Romans (De Re Militari).

    [85] Willie Johnston, 26 August 2016, Burnswark's bloody Roman history becomes clearer, BBC Scotland, weblink.

  • Niels-Peter Granzow Busch, gepubliceerd op 17.09.24, Slinger doorboorde vijand met 160 km/h, Historia, weblink.

  • Peter Robertson, 2016, Iron Age Hillfort, Defences and the Tactics of Sling Warfare, Archaeopress Publishing Ltd, Gordon House, 276 Banbury Road, Oxford OX2 7ED, www.archaeopress.com, ISBN 978 1 78491 410 3, ISBN 978 1 78491 411 0 (e-Pdf), © Archaeopress and P Robertson.

  • Sling (Weapen), Wikipedia, weblink.

  • Strabo, Geography, H.C. Hamilton, Esq., W. Falconer, M.A., Ed., Book XIV., Chapter I, weblink.

  • Research: Vaughn Fenton, Script: Invicta, Narration: Guy Michaels, Balearic Slingers Documentary, Magellan TV, Production: Penta Limited.

  • William A. McDevitte, Liv. 38 29, Titus Livius (Livy), The History of Rome, Book 38, Sen. Class. Mod. Ex. Schol. A.B.T.C.D., Ed., weblink.

Composietboog

  • Karl Chandler Randall IV, February 2016, Origins and Comparative Performance of the Composite Bow, Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF LITERATURE AND PHILOSOPHY in the subject of CLASSICAL STUDIES at the UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA, Promoters: Doctor Martine De Marre and Doctor Barry Molloy.

  • Mary Rose, Wikipedia, weblink.

  • Mike Loades (author), Peter Dennis (illustrator), 2016, The composite bow, Series Editor Martin Pegler, Bloomsbury Publishing Plc., First published in Great Britain in 2016 by Osprey Publishing, PO Box 883, Oxford, OX1 9PL, UK

    1385 Broadway, 5th Floor, New York, NY 10018, USA E-mail: info@ospreypublishing.com, Osprey Publishing, part of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc., Print ISBN: 978 1 4728 0591 1, PDF ebook ISBN: 978 1 4728 2162 1, ePub ebook ISBN: 978 1 4728 2161 4.

Torsie-artillerie

(niet alfabetisch)

  • E.W. Marsden, 1971, Greek and Roman artillery, Technical Treatises, Oxford University Press, Ely House, London W. I.

  • E.W. Marsden, 1969, Greek and Roman Artillery, Historical Development, Oxford University Press, Ely House, London W. I.

  • Alan Wilkins, 2017, Roman Imperial Artillery, ISBN 978-1-907931-70-3.

  • J. G. Landels, 1980, Engineering in the Ancient World, Ancient Culture and Society, Chatto & Windus Ltd, Londen.

  • Brigitte Cech, 2011, Hightech Romeinen, Techniek in de oudheid, Museum Het Valkhof, Nijmegen.

  • Vitruvius, vertaald door Ton Peters, 2008, handbook bouwkunde, Athenaeum – Polak & Van Gennep, Amsterdam.

  • Ildar Kayumov, Alexander Minchev, 2010, The ΚΑΜΒEΣΤΡΙΟΝ and other Roman military equipment from Tracia, XVII, romec, Zagreb, radovi, proceedings, akten.

  • Jian-Liang Lin, Hong-Sen Yan, 2016, Decoding the Mechanisms of Antikythera Astronomical Device, Springer.

  • Professor Stephen Ressler, Understanding Greek and Roman Technology: From Catapult to the Pantheon, United States Military Academy at West Point.

  • Flavius Vegetius Renatus, Translated from the Latin by Lieutenant John Clarke, 1767, The Military Institutions of the Romans (De Re Militari), Text written in 390 A.D. British translation published in 1767, Etext version by Mads Brevik (2001).

  • Cesare Rossi, Flavio Russo, Ferruccio Russo, 2009, Ancient Engineers’ Inventions - Precursors of the Present, ISBN: 978-90-481-2252-3, e-ISBN: 978-90-481-2253-0, Springer Science + Business Media B.V.

  • Kostas Kotsanas, 2017, Ancient Greek Technology, The inventions of the ancient Greeks, ISBN: 978-960-92786-9-0.

  • Alan Wilkins, The Xanten-Wardt Roman torsion catapult and catapult parts from Carlisle.

  • Heron, H. Diels und E. Schramm, 1918, Herons Belopoiika, Griechisch und Deutsch, Aus Den Abhandlungen der Konigl. Preuss. Akademie der Wissenschaften, Jahrgang 1918. Phil.-Hist. Klasse Nr. 2, Berlin 1918, Verlag der Kongl. Akademie der Wissenschaften, in kommission bei Georg Reimer.

  • Heron, Traduite du Grec, en collaboration avec M. Vincent, membre de l'Institut, Dans sa batterie et dans ses pivots, Victor Prou, Ingénieur Civil, Paris, Juillet 1862, La Chiroballiste d'Héron D'Alexandrie, a la Librairie Académique, Didier et Co, Libraires-Editeurs, 35, Quai Des Augustins.

  • Athenaei de machinis pars (1), - Bitonis de constructione bellicarum machinarum et catapultarum (2 v), - Heronis liber de constructione cheirobalistae (10 v), - ejustdem belopoiica (13), - Ex Apollodori poliorcetica (31). XVI s. (Copié par Jean d’Otrante.) Pap. 41 fol. Peint, Mazarin.-Reg. 2176.) M., Bibliothèque Nationale, Service Photographique, Paris, Département des Manuscrits, grec 2436, R.32695 7890 bis :8 8.76, weblink 1, weblink 2.

    Robert S. Cohen, Jürgen Renn, Kostas Gavroglu, Walter Roy Laird, Sophie Roux (editors), 2008, Mechanics and Natural Philosophy before the Scientific Revolution, ISBN 978-1-4020-5966-7 (HB)/ISBN 978-1-4020-5967-4 (e-book), Springer.

  • Thomas L. Heath, ed., 2002, The Works of Archimedes, Cambridge Library Collection, New York: Dover Publications, p. ixix.

  • Developed by Wild Dream Films, Cardiff, UK, Narrated by Phil Crowley, 2005, Ancient Discoveries, Series 2 (2005), 2x02 Warfare, Television series on The History Channel.

  • Archimedes, Mary Gow, 2005, Great minds of science, Archimedes, Mathematical Genius of the Ancient World, Enslow Publishers, ISBN ISBN 0-7660-2502-0, Inc.

  • Aitor Iriarte, 2003, The inswinging theory, pp. 111-140, Gladius XXIII.

  • Bernard Van Daele, 2006, De Romeinse marine, Uitgeverij Davidsfonds, Leuven, ISBN: 90-5826-401-7.

  • Duncan B. Campbell, Illustrator: Brian Delf, 21 Nov 2003, Greek and Roman Artillery 399 BC–AD 363, ISBN: 9781841766348, Osprey publishing.

  • Duncan B. Campbell, 2011, Ancient Catapults, Some Hypotheses Reexamined, pages 677–700, The American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Hesperia 80.

  • Aitor Iriarte, 2000, Pseudo-Heron’s cheiroballistra a(nother), reconstruction: I. Theoretics, Aitor Iriarte, Dedicated to the Study of the Weapons, Armour, and Military Fittings of the Armies and Enemies of Rome and Byzantium, VOLUME 11 2000.

  • Heron of Alexandria (c. 10–85 AD), Evangelos Papadopoulos, August 2007, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece, ResearchGate.

  • Abbott Payson Usher, Dover Publications, Inc., New York, 1988, A History of Mechanical Inventions, Revised Edition, an unabridged and unaltered republication of the revised edition (1954) of the work first published by Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA in 1929.

  • Text: Domenico Laurenza, onder redactie van: Mario Taddei & Edoardo Zanon, 2015, Da Vinci’s machines, alle visionaire ontwerpen eindelijk ontrafeld, De Wetenschappelijke Bibliotheek, Uitgave: Veen Media, Amsterdam, ISBN 9789085714804.

  • Héron d’Alexandrie, Les Mécaniques ou l’Élévateur de Héron d’Alexandrie, publiées pour la première fois sur la version Arabe de Qostâ Ibn Lûqâ et traduites on Français par M. le Baron Carra De Vaux, Oeuvre numérisée par Marc Szwajcer (site de L'antiquité grecque et latine du moyen âge, de Philippe Remacle, Philippe Renault, François-Dominique Fournier, J. P. Murcia, Thierry Vebr, Caroline Carrat.).

  • Luca Pacioli, 2019, Goddelijke Verhouding, Leonardo da Vinci, Redactie: Dirk Huylebrouck, Vertaling: Emma Grootveld, Illustraties: Rinus Roelofs, ISBN: 978 94 6371 165 4, Gompel&Svacina bvba.

  • Technical illustrating through the ages, tedopres tp international, documentation/communication/software, Published by Tedopres International B.V., Tilburg, 2001.

  • Hans-Joachim Schalles, Archäologie in Krefeld, Eine frühkaiserzeitliche Torsionswaffe aus der Kiesgrube Xanten-Wardt.

  • Hans-Joachim Schalles, Archäologie in Krefeld, Eine frühkaiserzeitliche Torsionswaffe aus der Kiesgrube Xanten-Wardt, Xantener Berichte, Band 18, LVR-Archäologischer Park Xanten, APX, LVR-RömerMuseum, Die frühkaiserzeitliche Manuballista aus Xanten-Wardt.

  • B. J. Ter Haar, Tj. De Jager, 2001, Motoren: Motorvoertuigtechniek, Opleiding Niveau IV, Personenautotechniek II, Bedrijfsautotechniek II, Motorprestaties, Brandstofsystemen, Delta Press, Derde druk.

  • Charles Gibbs-Smith, 1978, The Inventions of Leonardo Da Vinci, First Lindbergh Professor of Aerospace History, National Air and Space Museum (Smithsonian Institution) and Gareth Rees, M.A., Phaidon, Oxford, ISBN 0 7148 1814 3.

  • K. Gieck, 1989, Technische formules, vijfde herziene druk, Delta Press BV, Overberg, The Netherlands, ISBN 90 6674 200 3.

  • Professor Stephen Ressler, Everyday Engineering, Understanding the Marvels of Daily Life, Course Guidebook, The Great Courses, Lecture 1, United States Military Academy at West Point.

  • Sean Barrett, 2003, Ancient Discoveries, Episode 1, Computing, The Antikythera Mechanism, Ctesibius' Water Clock, published by History Channel in 2003.

  • Russell C. Hibbeler, 2006, Sterkteleer, Tweede editie, Pearson Education Benelux, ISBN-13: 978-90-430-1079-5, ISBN-10: 90-430-1079-0, 2006.

  • Source gallica.bnf.fr, Bibliothèque Nationale de France, Département des manuscrits, Supplément grec 244, weblink.

  • Cesare Rossi, 2012, Ancient throwing machines: A method to calculate their performance, Di.M.E. Università di Napoli, “Federico II”, Via Claudio, 21 80125 Napoli, Italy, Mechanism and Machine Theory 51 (2012) 1–13.

  • Sir Thomas Heath, 1960, A history of Greek Mathematics, Volume II, from Aristarchus to Diophantus, Oxford, at the Clarendon Press, Londen.

  • Bibliothèque Nationale Paris, Département des maniscrits, Fond Grec, Cote 2435, Pages 1 a 121, R2478, 45.529bis, :10, weblink 1, weblink 2.

  • Département des maniscrits, Grec 2437, # 1 - 421, R24.066, 5.334 (5.394?), :10.5, weblink 1, weblink 2.

  • Bibliothèque Nationale Paris, Département des maniscrits, weblink 1, weblink 2.

  • Nick Watts, Blog and related website related to the reconstruction of the Orşova cheiroballista, weblink 1, weblink 2.

  • Alan Wilkins, A suggested reconstruction of Vitruvius’ Stone-thrower: de Architectura X, 11, 4 – 9, With a full-size 2 librae version constructed by Len Morgan.

  • Flavius Josephus, The Jewish War, weblink.

  • Marco Ceccarelli, Sofia Ceccarelli, Cinzia Elena Conti, Gian Martines, 2019, Ball Bearings from Roman Imperial Ships of Nemilake, Scientific Research Publishing, Advances in Historical Studies, 2019, 8, 115-130, http://www.scirp.org/journal/ahs, ISSN Online: 2327-0446, ISSN Print: 2327-0438, DOI: 10.4236/ahs.2019.83009 Jun. 11, 2019 115 Advances in Historical Studies.

  • Michel Feugère, 2002, Weapons of the Romans, mpus, halshs-00007319, Translated from the FrenchbyDavid G. SMITH, BA, FRNS, weblink.

  • Cassius Dio, Roman History, Epitome of Book LXXVI, weblink.

  • Marc Cherretté, 2002, De onager volgens Marcellinus Ammianus: een kritische reconstructie, VOBOV-Info, Tijdschrift van het Verbond voor Oudheidkundig Bodemonderzoek in Oost-Vlaanderen v.z.w., Themanummer ‘Experimentele archeologie’, Nummer 55, juni 2002, v.u. Koen Verlaeckt, 9200, Dendermonde.

  • Marc Cherretté, October 2018, Artillery in Ancient Times, The onager according to Ammianus Marcellinus (4th Century A.D.), a critical reconstruction, ISBN: 9789090313450.

  • Alain Delmotte, Stefan Löffler, and others, 2020, A short manual for TEXworks, lowering the entry barrier to the TEX world, version of the manual as of March 29th, 2020.

  • Edited by John Peter Oleson, 2008, The Oxford Handbook of Engineering and Technology in the Classical World, Oxford University Press, ISBN: 978-0-19-973485-6.

  • Professor Stephen Ressler, 2015, Everyday Engineering, Understanding the Marvels of Daily Life, Lecture 3, Three Structural Systems for Load Bearing, Course Guidebook, United States Military Academy at West Point, Published by: The Great Courses, The Teaching Company.

  • David Macaulay en Neil Ardley, Van Holkema & Warendorf, zevende druk 1997, Over de werking van de kurketrekker en andere machines, ISBN 90-269-4430-6.

  • An Examination of the Mechanisms of Movement in Heron of Alexandria’s On Automaton-Making Finlay McCourt Classics, School of Humanities, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ.

  • A. G. Drachmann, Ktesibios’s Waterclock and Heron’s Adjustable Siphon.

  • Developed by Wild Dream Films, Cardiff, UK, Narrated by Phil Crowley, 2005, Ancient Discoveries, Series 2 (2005), 2x01 Ships, Television series on The History Channel.

  • Thomas Nelson Winter, July 2007, Mechanical Problems in the Corpus of Aristotle, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln Faculty Publications, Classics and Religious Studies Department Classics and Religious Studies.

  • A. G. Drachmann, 1963, The Mechanical Technology of Greek and Roman Antiquity, a study of the literary sources, by Munksgaard, Copenhagen, Denmark.

  • V. G. Hart · M. J. T. Lewis, 2009, The Hatra ballista: a secret weapon of the past?, Published online: 26 August 2009, Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2009.

  • Editor: Derek A. Welsby PhD, 2006, Sudan & Nubia, Bulletin 10, 66-80, FSA, Roman Artillery Balls from Qasr Ibrim, Egypt, Alan Wilkins, Hans Barnard and Pamela J. Rose, weblink.

  • Greek Fire, Poison Arrows, & Scorpion Bombs: Biological & Chemical Warfare in the Ancient World Paperback, December 30, 2008.

  • Jeffrey A. Lockwood, 2009, Six-Legged Soldiers: Using Insects as Weapons of War 1st Edition, Oxford University Press.

  • 'Epitoma rei militaris', Latin text: http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/vegetius.html, English translation, weblink.

Werpspeer met werplus

  • John Warry, Philip De Sainte Croix, 1993, Oorlogvoering in de klassieke wereld, Uitgever: Helmond, ISBN-10: 9025269826ISBN-13: 9789025269821.

Materialen

Lapis specularis

  • 100swallows, Posted on February 10, 2014, Old Roman Specularis Mines, weblink.

  • Kirstie McLure (head of production), How Did Roman Tech Work?, weblink.

Mineralen

  • Adrienne Mayor, 2000, The first fossil hunters, Dinosaurs, Mammoths and Myth in Greek and Roman times, Princeton University Press, Princeton and Oxford, ISBN 978-0-691-15013-0.

  • Pliny the Elder, translated to Dutch by Joost van Gelder, Mark Nieuwenhuis, 2018, De wereld, Naturalis historia, uitgeverij: Athenaeum - Polak & Van Gennep, ISBN : 9789025309602.

  • Theophrastus van Eresus, English translation, and commentary, Earle R. Caley, 1956, On stones, Introduction, Greek text, The Ohio University, John F. C. Richards, Columbia University.

Amber

  • Pliny the Elder, translated to Dutch by Joost van Gelder, Mark Nieuwenhuis, 2018, De wereld, Naturalis historia, uitgeverij: Athenaeum - Polak & Van Gennep, ISBN : 9789025309602.

Arseenbrons

Water

Zuigerpomp

  • John S., 1976, The Vigiles of Rome, Rainbird, The Vigiles of Rome, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7455/, Academic Support O ce, Durham University, University O ce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP, e-mail: e-theses.admin@dur.ac.uk Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk.

  • Editors: Robert S. Cohen, Jürgen Renn, Kostas Gavroglu, Walter Roy Laird, Sophie Roux, 2008, Mechanics and Natural Philosophy before the Scientific Revolution, ISBN 978-1-4020-5966-7 (HB)/ISBN 978-1-4020-5967-4 (e-book), Springer.

  • Vitruvius, vertaald door Ton Peters, Athenaeum – Polak & Van Gennep, 2008, handbook bouwkunde, Amsterdam.

Beker van Pythagoras

  • Ahmad, Muhammad and Hasan bin Musa ibn Shakir, Translated and annotated by Donald R. Hill, The Book of Ingenious Devices, By the three brothers of Persian descent known as the Banu Musa (Ahmad, Muhammad and Hasan bin Musa ibn Shakir), working at the House of Wisdom (Bayt al-Hikma) in Baghdad, Iraq, under the Abbasid Caliphate. The book described about one hundred devices and how to use them, 850 AD, D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht, Holland / Boston, U.S.A. / Londen, England.

  • Kostas Kotsanas, 2017, Ancient Greek Technology, The inventions of the ancient Greeks, ISBN: 978-960-92786-9-0.

Aquaducten

  • Brigitte Cech, 2011, Hightech Romeinen, Techniek in de oudheid, Museum Het Valkhof, Nijmegen.

  • Frontinus, vertaald door Vincent Hunink, ingeleid door Nathalie de Haan, Aquaducten van Rome (de aquis urbis Romae), Parthenon, Almere 2013.

Cardanische ophanging

  • Kostas Kotsanas, 2017, Ancient Greek Technology, The inventions of the ancient Greeks, ISBN: 978-960-92786-9-0.

Wiskunde

Evolutie van de wiskunde

  • Caleb Everett, 2017, Numbers and the Making of Us: Counting and the Course of Human Cultures, Harvard University Press.

  • James Lees, John Farndon, Mathematica, 21/02/2025, de geschiedenis van wiskunde van de oudheid tot de moderne tijd, Uitgeverij: Librero Nederland, Aantal bladzijden: 416, Productcode (EAN): 9789464990737.

  • G. Masini, 1973, De dans der getallen, Geïllustreerde geschiedenis van de wiskunde voor de jeugd, oorspronkelijke titel: Il romanzo dei numeri, Firenze, Nederlandse bewerking door Filip Vander Elst, Standaard Uitgeverij Antwerpen/Amsterdam, ISBN 90 02 12930 0.

  • Michael Brooks, vertaald door Robert Vernooy, 2022, De wortel van de beschaving, Hoe wiskunde onze wereld heeft gevormd, Athenaeum - Polak & Van Gennep, Amsterdam.

Kleitablet met een wiskundig probleem

  • Christine Proust, 2016, Floating calculation in Mesopotamia, hal-01515645.

  • D.A.R. DeSegnac, HS 241, An old Babylonian link between small lengths, surfaces and RPVN, a draft for an essay.

Plimpton 322 kleitablet

  • Daniel F. Mansfield, N.J.Wildberger, November 2017, Historia Mathematica, Volume 44, Issue 4, Pages 395-419, Plimpton 322 is Babylonian exact sexagesimal trigonometry, School of Mathematics and Statistics, UNSW, Sydney, Australia.

  • Eleanor Robson, 2002, Words and Pictures: New Light on Plimpton 322.

  • The mathematics of ancient Babylon, BBC, #bbcreel #bbc #bbcnews, Evidence ancient Babylonians were far more advanced than we thought - BBC REEL, weblink.

  • N. J. Wildberger, 2020, A brief course on the history of mathematics, MathHistory34: Plimpton 322 and Babylonian trigonometry, copyright.

Rhind-papyrus

  • Clifford A. Pickover, 2018, The Science Book, From Darwin to Dark Energy, 250 Milestones in the History of Science, Sterling New York, ISBN 978-1-4549-3300-7, Sterling Publishing Co., Inc.

Cryptografische schijven

  • Kostas Kotsanas, 2017, Ancient Greek Technology, The inventions of the ancient Greeks, ISBN: 978-960-92786-9-0.

  • Patrice Brun, Eric Denécé, François Mermet (Préface), 26 novembre 2019, Renseignement et espionnage pendant l'Antiquité et le Moyen-Âge Broché.

Patronen in de natuur

  • Ian Stewart, Over sneeuwkristallen en zebrastrepen, Uitgeverij: Davidsfonds, 9789058261595, 224 pagina's.

  • Karen L. French, 2012, Geheime geometrie van het leven, De wetenschap en spiritualiteit van de natuur, pagina's: 240.

  • Keith Devlin, 1998, Wiskunde: wetenschap van patronen en structuren, Publisher : ‎ Veen Magazines, Edition: ‎ First Edition, ISBN-10: ‎ 9073035538, ISBN-13: ‎ 978-9073035539.

  • Philip Ball, vertaald door: Ariëtte van Bennekum, april 2011, Patronen uit de natuur, Uitgever: Veen Media, 978908571343229, 327 pagina's.

  • Stefan Hildebrandt, Anthony Tromba, co-auteur: Tom Kortbeek, januari 1989, Architectuur in de natuur: De Weg naar de Optimale Vorm, Uitgever: Veen Media, 978907015781401, 207 pagina's.

Patronen in de anorganische wereld

Platonic models

  • James Evans, 1998, The History and Practice of Ancient Astronomy, Oxford University Press, USA, ISBN 978-0-19-509539-5.

  • Timaeus, by Plato, translated by Benjamin Jowett, written 360 BC, weblink.

  • The Code 2, Shapes, BBC.

  • Quadrivium, Rekenkunde, Meetkunde, Muziek en Astronomie voor iedereen, Librero, 2017, ISBN: 978-90-8998-303-9.

Silver mines in Laurium

  • Dr. Elias Konofagos, Lavrion-Laurium, Silver mines, Ancient Technology, Summary of Professor Constantin Conophagos, Ancient Laurium Studies & Figures.

Patronen in de organische wereld

Honeycomb

  • Sir Thomas Heath, Oxford, 1960, A history of Greek Mathematics, Volume II, from Aristarchus to Diophantus, at the Clarendon Press, Londen.

Research: Archeologische bronnen

Phallus

  • Brian M. Fagan, December 31, 2004, The Seventy Great Inventions Of The Ancient World, ISBN 0-500-05130-5.

Contractual wax tablet

  • Moses Hadas en de redactie van Time/Life uitgaven, 1965, 1966, Bloeiperioden der mensheid, Het oude Rome, N.V. Het Parool, Amsterdam, Nederlandse vertaling: S. Montulet, 167, 168.

Silk

  • Pliny the Elder, translated to Dutch by Joost van Gelder, Mark Nieuwenhuis, 2018, De wereld, Naturalis historia, uitgeverij: Athenaeum - Polak & Van Gennep, ISBN : 9789025309602.

Republican coins

  • David R. Sear, 2000, Roman coins and their values I, The Millennium Edition, Volume One, The Republic and The Twelve Caesars, ISBN 1-902040-35-X, 280 BC - AD 96, Spink, London.

  • Zander H. Klawans, 1959, Reading and dating, Roman Imperial Coins, second edition, Whitman Publishing Company, Racine, Wisconsin.

Roman abacus

    • Brigitte Cech, 2011, Hightech Romeinen, Techniek in de oudheid, Museum Het Valkhof, Nijmegen.

    • Herbert Bruderer, translated from the German by John McMinn, 2015, 2018, 2020, Milestones in Analog and Digital Computing, Third Edition, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

    Arrow cheiroballistra

    • Alan Wilkins, 2017, Roman Imperial Artillery, ISBN 978-1-907931-70-3.

    Spoon of Diocles

    • Ernst Künzl, Franz Josef Hassel, Susanna Künzl, published in 1983, Medizinische Instrumente aus Sepulkralfunden der römischen Kaiserzeit, Köln by Rheinland-Verlag.

    Research: Astrolabe

    (niet alfabetisch)

    • A.G. Drachmann, 1953, The plane astrolabe and the anaphoric clock, September.
    • David A. King, 2005, In Synchrony with the Heavens, Studies in Astronomical Timekeeping and Instrumentation in Medieval Islamic Civilization, Volume Two, Instruments of Mass Calculation, Studies X-XVIII, Tuta Sub Aegide Pallas, 1683, Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data, ISBN 90 04 14188 X, Leiden, Boston.

    • Richard J. A. Talbert, 2017, Roman Portable Sundials, The Empire in your Hand, 1st Edition.

    • James Evans, 1998, The History and Practice of Ancient Astronomy, Oxford University Press, USA, ISBN 978-0-19-509539-5.

    • Michael Jonathan Taunton Lewis, 2001, Surveying Instruments of Greece and Rome, Cambridge University Press.

    • Ptolemy's Star Catalog, https://pbarbier.com/ptolemy/ptolemy.html && pbarbier.com/ptolemy/ptolemy_t.dat && pbarbier.com/ptolemy/cross_t.dat

    • K8538 clay tablet, British museum, UK, museum number: K8538, Title: Series: Series: Library of Ashurbanipal, The British Museum, weblink.

    • David A. King, October 1996 version, A Catalogue of Medieval Astronomical Instruments, Parts 1.1-2.3, Islamic astrolabes, 9 to circa 1550 with additional 'old-style' astrolabes to circa 1800.

    • Raymond Mercier, Consideration of the Greek symbol ‘zero’, raymond@almanach.co.uk, (formerly), RaymondM@compuserve.com, http://www.raymondm.co.uk/prog/GreekZeroSign.pdf.

    • Islamic Golden Age, weblink.

    • Denis Savoie, Three examples of ancient ‘universal’ portable sundials.

    • Sir Thomas Heath, 1960, A history of Greek Mathematics, Volume II, from Aristarchus to Diophantus, Oxford, at the Clarendon Press, Londen.

    • Sergei J. Maslikov, 2021, The Greek portable sundial from Memphis rediscovered, Journal for the History of Astronomy, Vol. 52(3) 311–324, sagepub.com/journals-permissions, DOI: 10.1177/00218286211033068, journals.sagepub.com/home/jha, Novosibirsk Astronomical Society, Russia.

    • Alexander Jones, 2017, A Portable Cosmos Revealing the Antikythera Mechanism, Scientific Wonder of the Ancient World, Oxford University Press.

    • Ovidius vertaald en toegelicht door Marietje d'Hane-Scheltema, september 2021, Fasti, Ovidius, De Romeinse kalender, Uitgeverij: Athenaeum, ISBN : 9789025313487.

    • Synesius, On an Astrolabe, 14-18 (The text is offered in the translation by A. Fitzgerald), weblink.

    • Cristian Tolsa, 2014, The ‘Ptolemy’ Epigram: A Scholion on the Preface of the Syntaxis, Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 54, 687–697.

    • Robert S. Cohen, Jürgen Renn, Kostas Gavroglu, Walter Roy Laird, Sophie Roux, 2008, Mechanics and Natural Philosophy before the Scientific Revolution, ISBN 978-1-4020-5966-7 (HB)/ISBN 978-1-4020-5967-4 (e-book), Springer.

    • Kostas Kotsanas, 2017, Ancient Greek Technology, The inventions of the ancient Greeks, ISBN: 978-960-92786-9-0.

    • Loris Ramponi, Kevin Milani, La 'via delle stelle' e l'astrolabio bizantino, l'opera del mese di Loris Ramponi.

      Video presentazione della ‘Via delle stelle’: weblink.

      Altri informazioni sulla ‘Via delle Stelle’: weblink.

    • Uncial Greek Fonts, weblink.

    • O.M. Dalton’s, Communicated July 7, 1926, The Byzantine Astrolabe at Brescia, Fellow of the Academy, Proceedings of the British Academy, pages 133-151, 1926, Printed in England at the University Press, Oxford by Johnson printer to the University.

    • Koenraad Van Cleempoel, 2022, Kris De Baere, Marieke Uten, Recht door zee, Breedte- en lengtebepaling op zee vóór 1800: een historische en wiskundige benadering, met illustraties uit de NavigArte Collectie, catalogus uitgegeven naar aanleiding van de expo ‘Recht door zee’, een productie van SteM Sint-Niklaas & Mercatormuseum, fotografie: ROSCAN, Zwijgershoek 14, 9100 Sint-Niklaas, stedelijkemusea@sintniklaas.be, verantwoordelijke uitgever: Filip Baeyens, schepen van cultuur, Grote Markt 1, 9100 Sint-Niklaas.

    • John Philoponus of Alexandria, translated by Herbert Wilson Greene, 1932-1933, Concerning the using and arrangement of the astrolabe and the things engraved upon it, that is to say, what each signifies, pp. 61-81, weblink.

    • Severus Sebokht, translated by Jessie Payne Smith Margoliouth, 1932, circa 650 AD, Description of the Astrolabe, in R. T. Gunther, Astrolabes of the World, Oxford, pp. 82-103, weblink.

    • Dmitriy A. Shcheglov, Ptolemy's system of seven climata.

    • Clime, weblink.

    • Ptolemy’s Almagest, Translated and Annotated by G. J. Toomer, Duckworth, first published in 1984 by Gerald Duckworth & Co. Ltd., The Old Piano Factory, 43 Gloucester Cresceni, London NW l, by G. J. Toomer, ISBN 0 7156 1388 2 (cased), ISBN 0-7156-1588-2.

    • O. Neugebauer, 1949, The early history of the astrolabe, Studies in ancient astronomy IX, Isis, Vol. 40, No. 3 (Aug., 1949), pp. 240-256 (17 pages), published by: The University of Chicago Press.

    • François Blateyron, January 2016, Sundials & astrolabes, User manual of Shadows Pro version 4.0.

    • Salvatore Falco, Notes on the reconstruction of the astrolabe in Late Antiquity.

    • Astrolabe, weblink.

    • Spherical astrolabe, Master of the universe, weblink.

    • Algemeen letterkundig lexicon, weblink.

    • Claudii Ptolemaei, J. L. Heiberg, Professor Hauniensis, 1898, Opera Quae Exstant Omnia, Volumen I., Syntaxis Mathematica, Pars I, Libros I - VI Continens, Lisiae, In Aedisbus B. G. Teubneri, https://www.wilbourhall.org/pdfs/HeibergAlmagestComplete.pdf.

    • David A. King, The Byzantine Astrolabe of 1062, 2007/2018. Astrolabes and Angels, Epigrams and Enigmas, An essay by David A. King, Extracts dealing with the Byzantine astrolabe of 1062, Franz Steiner Verlag, 2007.

    • Orthodox Path, Indiction, weblink.

    • Stereographic projection, weblink.

    • N. Sidoli and J.L. Berggren, 2007, The Arabic version of Ptolemy's Planisphere or Flattening the Surface of the Sphere: Text, Translation, Commentary 37–139, Sciamvs, Sources and Commentaries in the Exact Sciences, Simon Fraser University, SCIAMVS 8, weblink.

    • Paul Murdin, 2001, Encyclopedia of astronomy and astrophysics Vol. 1, A-Gel., Publisher: Institute of Physics Publishing, Nature Publishing Group, ISBN: 9780333750889, 0333750888, 9781561592685, 1561592684.).

    • Ecliptic, weblink.

    • Alexander Jones, 2002, Eratosthenes, Hipparchus, and the obliquity of the ecliptic, University of Toronto, JHA. xxxiii. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/323227113.pdf

    • Axial tilt, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axial_tilt

    • M.G. Nickiforov, J.B. Tabov, submitted on 04.02.2019, accepted on 25.03.2019, The problem of decipherment the Babylonian 'astrolabes', Sternberg Astronomy Institute of the Moscow State University, Universitetskiy pr. 13, 119991, Moscow, Russia, Moscow State Linguistic University, Ostozhenka st. 38, 119034, Moscow, Russia, michael.nickiforov@gmail.com, Institute of the Mathematic and Informatics, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. Bl. 8, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria, tabov@math.bas.bg.

    • The Sumerian K8538 tablet, the great meteor impact devastating Mesopotamia, a 2019 translation addendum, correspondence to: weltklima@googlemail.com, February 2019.

    • John Philoponus, weblink.

    • Synesius, weblink.

    • Ptolemy, weblink.

    • Vitruvius, vertaald door Ton Peters, 2008, handbook bouwkunde, Athenaeum – Polak & Van Gennep, Amsterdam.

    • Nathan Sidoli, R.S.D. Thomas, 2023, The Spherics of Theodosios, Scientific Writings from the Ancient and Medieval World, Routledge, Series editor: John Steele, Brown University, USA, First published 2023 by Routledge, 4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN, and by Routledge, 605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158. Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business, Nathan Sidoli and R.S.D. Thomas, ISBN: 978-0-367-55730-0 (hbk), ISBN: 978-0-367-69535-4 (pbk), ISBN: 978-1-003-14216-4 (ebk), DOI: 10.4324/9781003142164.

    • Michael A. B. Deakin, 2007, Hypatia of Alexandria, Mathematician and Martyr, Prometheus Books, 59 John Glenn Drive Amherst, New York 14228-2119, Published by Prometheus Books, ISBN 978-1-59102-520-7.

    Research: Combinatieslot

    • Salvatore Falco, 2026, The Roman Roots of Inviolable Security: Tracing the Mechanical Lineage to al-Jazari's Dial Lock.

    Research: Medallion zonnewijzer

    • Browsing Roman Imperial Coinage of Antoninus Pius, weblink.

    • O.M. Dalton’s, The Byzantine Astrolabe at Brescia, Fellow of the Academy, Communicated July 7, 1926, Proceedings of the British Academy, pages 133-151, 1926, Printed in England at the University Press, Oxford by Johnson printer to the University.

      David A. King, 2005, In Synchrony with the Heavens, Studies in Astronomical Timekeeping and Instrumentation in Medieval Islamic Civilization, Volume Two, Instruments of Mass Calculation, Studies X-XVIII, Tuta Sub Aegide Pallas, 1683, Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data, ISBN 90 04 14188 X, Leiden, Boston.

    • Denis Savoie, Three examples of ancient 'universal' portable sundials, Medallion dials.

    • A.G. Drachmann, 1953, The plane astrolabe and the anaphoric clock, September.

    • John Philoponus of Alexandria, Concerning the using and arrangement of the astrolabe and the things engraved upon it, that is to say, what each signifies (1932) pp. 61-81, translated by Herbert Wilson Greene, 1933, weblink.

    • Kostas Kotsanas, Ancient Greek Technology, 2017, The inventions of the ancient Greeks, ISBN: 978-960-92786-9-0.

    • Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae, https://weblimc.org/.

    • Paul Zanker and Björn Ewald, Julia Slater, 'Living with Myths: The Imagery of Roman Sarcophagi'.

    • Phaethon’s Fall or Beyond the Guilt – II, weblink.

    • Richard J. A. Talbert, 2017, Roman Portable Sundials - The Empire in your Hand, Oxford University Press.

    • Richard J. A. Talbert in collaboration with George Bevan and Daryn Lehoux, 2017, Orbis Disciplinae, Hommages en l'honneur de Patrick Gautier Dalché, Textes réunis par Nathalie Bouloux, Anca Dan et Georges Tolias, BREPLOS, 'A Roman Worldview Clarified: Reflectance Transformation Imaging of the 'Pillbox' Sundial in Vienna.

    • Richard. J.A. Talbert, 2019, 'A lost sundial found, and the role of the hour in Roman daily life', University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA, Indo-European Linguistics and Classical Philology, XXIII, Proceedings of the 23rd Conference in Memory of Professor Joseph M. Tronsky, June 24-26.

      • Roman sarcophagus, https://ancientrome.ru/art/artworken/img.htm?id=1621

    • Taschensonnenuhr 2. Hälfte 2. Jh. n. Chr., Kunsthistorisches museum Vienna, Austria, weblink.

    • Vsevolod Buravchenko, Navicula de Venetiis Universal Sundial, Master Terebrus.

    • Who is Britannia?, weblink.